Commentary by James Smith, MD

Women experiencing first pregnancies often wonder if the body changes and symptoms they feel are normal. While every woman is different—and every pregnancy is different—there are some common symptoms of pregnancy that many women share.

Fatigue – Even early in the first trimester, pregnant women may feel tired. Like many pregnancy symptoms, fatigue is often caused by higher levels of pregnancy hormones. Women experiencing fatigue should get plenty of rest and eat foods rich in protein and iron.

Nausea – Nausea is a well-known side effect of pregnancy, but not every woman experiences it. And while it’s often referred to as “morning sickness,” nausea in pregnant women can happen at any time of day.

Food cravings or aversions – Women often crave or are turned off by certain foods when they are pregnant. These cravings and aversions are caused by hormonal changes and can last for the entire pregnancy. Women who are expecting should eat a nutritious and balanced diet.

Back pain – Many women experience back pain during pregnancy as the increasing size and weight of the uterus puts more strain on the back. To alleviate pain, avoid standing or sitting for long periods and try not to arch the back too much when standing.

Difficulty sleeping – Hormonal changes, as well as discomfort later in pregnancy can cause many women to have trouble sleeping. Daily exercise can help. It’s also important to maintain a regular sleep schedule and avoid caffeine and long naps during the day.

Breast tenderness – Breast changes, including tenderness, are common in pregnancy. Tenderness usually subsides after the first trimester, but breast changes are present throughout pregnancy. Veins may become more visible, and stretch marks may appear.

Vaginal discharge – Some women may experience changes in vaginal discharge. Thin, milky-white discharge is normal during pregnancy.

Remember that pregnancy causes significant changes in the body, and it’s not uncommon to experience a wide range of symptoms or side effects during this time. Talk with your doctor or obstetrician about any pregnancy symptoms during regular prenatal visits.

James Smith, MD, specializes in obstetrics and gynecology. He is a guest columnist located at IU Health Physicians Women’s Health – IU Health North Hospital, 11725 N. Illinois St., Ste. 350, in Carmel. He can be reached by calling 317.688.5200.